| Chapter 12: Advanced Actions |

| 12.12. Report rules for actions by other people

Report rules for the player's actions are easy to write, and for many actions, they are not much harder for other people either:

> Report photographing: say "Click!"
> Report someone trying photographing: say "Click! [The person asked] takes a snapshot of [the noun]."

But once other people are involved, we have to go to some trouble to get all of the possibilities right. Here is a case which did not immediately occur to the author of the "going" action, for instance:

> >get in cage
> You get into the cage.
> >clark, get in automobile
> Clark Gable gets into the automobile.
> >clark, push cage west
> Clark Gable goes west in the automobile, pushing the cage in front, and you along too.

> The Lot (in the cage)
> In the Lot you can see an automobile (in which is Clark Gable).

We said before that report rules are skipped if the action is running "silently", or if the action is one that the player does not witness. But that is also a tricky concept. Inform's doctrine is that you witness an action if you can see any of the actor, the noun or the second noun at either the beginning or the end of the action; except that being able to see a backdrop does not count. Thus if Clark Gable, in Beverly Hills, photographs the Hollywood sign then we do not witness this from Sunset Boulevard merely because we, too, can see the Hollywood sign.

While the report rules for actions by the player must actually report something, report rules for other people's actions are under no such obligation. For instance, if Clark unlocks a door from the other side to the player, then this counts as an action that the player witnesses - and after all, it could be argued that the player should hear the key turning in the lock - but in fact the standard rules for reporting locking choose to say nothing.

171
| Example Reporting rules for other characters' behavior Elaborating the report rules to be more interesting than "Clark goes west."

172
| Example Fate Steps In Fate entity which attempts to make things happen, by hook or by crook, including taking preliminary actions to set the player up a bit.

One of the nice things about before rules for actions is that they allow us to express some planning for characters other than the player: we've already seen how this works, a bit. But we could also use before rules to write plans for an abstract story-driving entity, rather than for other individual characters. This story-driver could be in charge of all the non-player characters, as well as spontaneous or natural changes in the environment, shaping the narrative around the player's behavior. The following example is a very simple one, but the same concept could be worked out in a great deal more complexity, with all sorts of alternative procedures available to our story-manager: "Fate Steps In" Fate is a woman. After deciding the scope of the player: place Fate in scope. The description of Fate is "Not smiling." Instead of doing something other than examining to fate: say "As if." Every turn: try fate trying tripping. Tripping is an action applying to nothing. Carry out someone trying tripping: if something dangerous (called the trap) is in the location begin; say "Lise chooses this moment to lick her fingers -- it's not gross, it's natural, you decide -- stand up, and head for the door. Unfortunately, her path crosses directly over [the trap]. There is a vaudevillesque moment where you try to warn or catch her; the next moment she's on the floor, looking shocked and also in quite a lot of pain. 'I'm not sure,' she says to you steadily but with unfocused gaze, 'but I think I might have broken my tailbone.'"; end the game saying "Well, she's paying attention to you now"; end if. Before someone trying tripping when the location does not contain a dangerous thing: try the person asked trying making a mess instead. Making a mess is an action applying to nothing. Carry out someone trying making a mess: let calamitous object be a random visible supporter which supports at least three things; if calamitous object is a supporter begin; say "[The calamitous object] tips over, spilling [the list of things on calamitous object] all over the place."; move the calamitous object to the location; now every thing on the calamitous object is in the location; end if. Definition: a thing is dangerous if it is not the carton and it is not the table and it is not a person. Before someone trying making a mess when a safe supporter (called target) is visible: if Lise carries something, try Lise trying putting a random thing carried by Lise on the target instead. Instead of someone trying making a mess when the tray is on the table: say "Just at that moment, a large blond man-thing in a red jacket walks more or less through you, and you come into violent contact with the table, knocking [the list of the things on the table] onto the floor."; now every thing on the table is in the location; now every thing on the tray is in the location instead. Definition: a supporter is safe if the number of things on it is less than two. McQuerry Dining Hall is a room. The table is scenery in the dining hall. The table is a supporter. Lise Fitzwallace is a woman in the Dining Hall. "Lise is at the nearest table, not apparently paying any attention to you." The description of Lise is "A capella singer, women's rugby champion, general object of attention from all genders. Unlikely to notice you unless fate smiles broadly." Lise carries a fork, a napkin, an empty glass, and a plate of half-eaten eggplant parmesan. Report Lise trying putting something on something: say "Lise, still deep in thought, absently puts [the noun] on [the second noun]." instead. The carrying capacity of the player is 2. The carton of chocolate milk is in the Hall. "There's a carton of milk beside you, which you set down for a moment -- but you do want it." Instead of taking something when the player carries the tray: say "You've got both hands full with this tray." The player carries the tray. On the tray is some macaroni and some overdone chicken. The macaroni and the chicken are edible. The tray is portable. Test me with "get milk / put tray on table / get milk". Test again with "drop tray".

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